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论述物联网中引人注目的十大创新技术

2015-05-23 14:44:37点击:

  物联网,或称IOT,是指通过嵌入在设备和物理对象中的微型计算系统进行互连,并使这些设备能够交换数据,而无需人为干预,从而增加了将真实世界集成到计算设备中的机会。


  我们现在几乎可以在任何地方都能看到连网设备——在我们的家里、汽车里和办公室里。物联网技术还与其他技术(如人工智能)创造了惊人的集成。Gartner预测,到2020年,95%的新电子产品将配备物联网技术。


  随着物联网的重要性不断提高,它将需要新的技术和规则,而这些技术和规则将对企业、组织和整个社会产生广泛的影响。


  以下是10种引人注目的物联网创新技术。
 

物联网
 


  1、物联网平台


  物联网平台是一种多层技术,由硬件、软件、连接和用户界面组成,可实现并促进连网设备的管理、数据流、通信、应用功能和自动化。


  现在越来越多的应用专注于物联网或具有某种物联网元素,例如,SAP Cloud Platform提供了创建物联网应用所需要的一切。甚至云计算公司Salesforce也创造了一个物联网集成系统,使几乎每个人都能访问物联网数据。


  2、物联网操作系统


  传统操作系统,如Microsoft Windows、Mac iOS或Linux,不是为物联网软件和应用程序设计的,所以无法应用于物联网设备。这就产生了物联网操作系统,这种操作系统被设计在物联网设备上运行。


  由于并非每一个物联网应用都是针对所有操作系统而开发,因此物联网领域的工作方式多种多样。物联网技术为各种开源和商业操作系统提供了广泛的支持。目前市场上的物联网操作系统有Windows IoT、Ubuntu Core、Android Things、Fuchsia OS和RIOT等。


  3、物联网设备管理


  物联网设备管理是管理、配置和监控设备固件和软件以及诊断、更新、安全和连接的过程。物联网设备管理正在迅速成为一个机会领域。


  Orbis Research在2017年发布了一份题为“全球物联网(IOT)设备管理市场细分、规模、趋势、分析和预测”的报告,该报告发现,到2022年,北美有望引领物联网设备管理平台市场,并将其推高至9.58亿美元。此外,同一年,该报告指出,基于PaaS和SaaS的物联网设备管理解决方案将引领市场,预计市场规模将达到31亿美元。
 


物联网
 


  4、物联网的实时事件流处理


  事件流处理(ESP)是一组技术,涉及可视化、数据库、中间件和处理语言,旨在帮助构建事件驱动的信息系统。需要实时流处理来处理来自物联网设备的数据。


  5、近距离物联网网络


  包括Wi-Fi和蓝牙在内的近距离无线网络目前用于物联网设备的连接,并将在未来几年继续主导该领域。在了解近距离物联网网络时,以及考虑近距离网络时,功耗、成本和网络连接是最重要的。


  6、广域物联网网络


  广域网,是在大的地理区域上扩展电信和互联网网络。(来源:iothome)未来,新兴广域网标准可能主导物联网连接。通过低功耗广域网、卫星或蜂窝连接,可实现具有无线连接的广域网设计。


  7、物联网标准


  互联网标准是指关于互联网相关的技术与方法论的技术规范,并且在互联网的某些或所有部分都很有用。虽然物联网标准仍在发展中,但有一些标准已经开始出现,并有望在未来几年成为物联网技术行业的主流,其中包括6LoWPAN、Contiki和Sigfox。
 


物联网
 


  8、物联网生态系统


  物联网生态系统是由企业和供应商组成的商业社区,也是由通过网络向物联网设备发送请求或命令的实体组成。物联网生态系统有望使成本更加合理,协议更容易访问和更安全。物联网生态系统预计将在几年内对几乎所有行业产生重要影响。


  9、物联网安全


  安全问题是物联网时代最关心的话题之一。网络攻击不再仅仅是增加,而是在全球数字基础设施中非常普遍。随着物联网产品的普及以及物联网产品如此贴近我们的生活,安全将成为物联网创新的最重要领域。然而,如果不能正确了解和实施,它也可能成为物联网持续发展的最大障碍。


  10、物联网处理器


  处理器是处理计算机指令的逻辑电路。(来源:物联之家网)不同的物联网设备使用特定类型的处理器来定义它们的众多功能。处理器的选择对物联网设备有着重要影响。


  企业应该准备好应对物联网技术的新兴创新,并在物联网日益重要的同时,随时了解这些创新的各个方面。








The Internet of Things, or IOT, refers to the interconnection of micro-computing systems embedded in devices and physical objects, enabling these devices to exchange data without human intervention, thus increasing the opportunity to integrate the real world into computing devices.
We can now see networking equipment almost everywhere - in our homes, cars and offices. Internet of Things has also created amazing integration with other technologies, such as artificial intelligence. Gartner predicts that by 2020, 95% of new electronic products will be equipped with Internet of Things technology.
With the increasing importance of the Internet of Things, it will need new technologies and rules, which will have a wide impact on enterprises, organizations and the whole society.
Here are 10 notable innovative technologies for the Internet of Things.
Internet of Things
1. Internet of Things Platform
Internet of Things (IOT) platform is a multi-layer technology, which consists of hardware, software, connection and user interface. It can realize and promote the management, data flow, communication, application function and automation of networking equipment.
Nowadays, more and more applications focus on the Internet of Things or have some elements of the Internet of Things. For example, SAP Cloud Platform provides everything needed to create Internet of Things applications. Even Salesforce, a cloud computing company, has created an Internet of Things integration system that enables almost everyone to access Internet of Things data.
2. Internet of Things Operating System
Traditional operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows, Mac iOS or Linux, are not designed for Internet of Things software and applications, so they cannot be applied to Internet of Things devices. This leads to the Internet of Things operating system, which is designed to run on Internet of Things devices.
Because not every application of the Internet of Things is developed for all operating systems, there are many kinds of work in the field of the Internet of Things. Internet of Things (IOT) technology provides a wide range of support for various open source and commercial operating systems. At present, the Internet of Things operating systems on the market include Windows IoT, Ubuntu Core, Android Things, Fuchsia OS and RIOT.
3. Equipment Management of Internet of Things
Device management in the Internet of Things is the process of managing, configuring and monitoring device firmware and software, as well as diagnosing, updating, security and connection. Device management in the Internet of Things is rapidly becoming an area of opportunity.
In 2017, Orbis Research released a report entitled "Segmentation, Scale, Trend, Analysis and Forecast of the Global Internet of Things (IOT) Equipment Management Market", which found that North America is expected to lead the market of Internet of Things Equipment Management Platform and push it up to $958 million by 2022. In addition, in the same year, the report pointed out that PaaS and SaaS-based equipment management solutions for the Internet of Things would lead the market, with a market size expected to reach $3.1 billion.
Internet of Things
4. Real-time event flow processing in the Internet of Things
Event Flow Processing (ESP) is a set of technologies, involving visualization, database, middleware and processing language, designed to help build event-driven information systems. Real-time stream processing is needed to process data from Internet of Things devices.
5. Close Internet of Things Network
Close-range wireless networks, including Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, are currently used to connect Internet of Things devices and will continue to dominate the field in the coming years. Power consumption, cost and network connection are the most important factors in understanding the close-range Internet of Things network and considering the close-range network.
6. Wide Area Internet of Things Network
Wide Area Network (WAN) is the expansion of telecommunications and Internet networks in large geographical areas. (Source: iothome) In the future, emerging WAN standards may dominate Internet of Things connectivity. Through low power WAN, satellite or cellular connection, the design of WAN with wireless connection can be realized.
7. Internet of Things Standards
Internet standards refer to technical specifications on Internet-related technologies and methodologies, and are useful in some or all parts of the Internet. Although Internet of Things standards are still developing, some standards have begun to emerge and are expected to become the mainstream of Internet of Things technology industry in the next few years, including 6LoWPAN, Contiki and Sifox.
Internet of Things
8. Internet of Things Ecosystem
The Internet of Things ecosystem is a business community composed of enterprises and suppliers, as well as an entity that sends requests or orders to Internet of Things devices through the network. The Internet of Things ecosystem is expected to make costs more reasonable, protocols easier to access and safer. The ecosystem of the Internet of Things is expected to have an important impact on almost all industries in a few years.
9. Internet of Things Security
Security is one of the most concerned topics in the Internet of Things era. Network attacks are no longer just increasing, but are very common in the global digital infrastructure. With the popularity of the Internet of Things products and the Internet of Things products so close to our lives, security will become the most important area of Internet of Things innovation. However, if not correctly understood and implemented, it may also become the biggest obstacle to the sustainable development of the Internet of Things.
10. Internet of Things Processor
A processor is a logic circuit that processes computer instructions. (Source: Internet of Things Home) Different Internet of Things devices use specific types of processors to define their many functions. Processor selection has an important impact on Internet of Things devices.
Enterprises should be prepared to respond to the emerging innovations of Internet of Things technology, and keep abreast of all aspects of these innovations while the Internet of Things is becoming increasingly important.